考研英语应用文写作应试的指导1 一、格式 1.称呼:指写信人对收信人的称谓敬语。书信写作大致分为两种情况,故称呼也大致分为两种情况,,如果是不认识的人,一般称呼为敬词+尊称。例如,DearSir下面是小编为大家整理的2023年考研英语应用文写作应试指导,菁选2篇(范例推荐),供大家参考。
考研英语应用文写作应试的指导1
一、格式
1.称呼:指写信人对收信人的称谓敬语。书信写作大致分为两种情况,故称呼也大致分为两种情况,,如果是不认识的人,一般称呼为敬词+尊称。例如,Dear Sir or Madam 或者 To Whom It May Concern(需注意每个单词首字母都大写);如果是写给关系正式的某团体或个人,称呼为敬词+尊称+名。例如,Dear Mr. xx或Dear Ms.xx;;对于关系较亲密的人可以直呼其名,即Dear xx。需要注意的是:1.称呼要顶格写;2. 称呼之后要加逗号
2. 正文:正文格式一般有两种格式,一是缩进式,即首段开头空四个字母,段落之间不空行; 一是齐头式,即每段开头不空格,但是各段之间空一行。海文考研建议考生采用缩进式,因为如果用齐头式,段间空行的话很可能答题空间不够,导致字数不够。
3. 落款:落款包括结束语和署名两个部分。结束语是表示礼节的套语,写在正文下面两三行的右侧,从中间写起,第一个词的开头字母要大写,末尾用逗号。落款的表达法从严格意义上讲有很多种,但对于考生而言,海文考研给大家提供一个以不变应万变的表达法,即Yours sincerely,这种落款方式适用于各种关系的人之间。写信人署名,要写在结束语下面一行处,要从结束语的中部写起。根据考研大纲,英语(一)的签名一般为“Li Ming”,英语(二)的签名一般为“Zhang Wei”,千万不要写自己的真实姓名。
二、语言
任何文章的写作,用词准确是最基础的要求之一。此外应用文重视语域的考查,正式语言一般是写给具有正式关系的团体或机构,这种情况不用缩略语和口语用法。除了正式的文体以外,其他的文体皆为非正式文体,像写给朋友的书信等。
一般应用文的考查要求中会体现出写该篇的目的和场合,所以考生在写作时要注意针对不同场合使用不同语言,使交流得以进行。另外,考生也要注意不同的应用文有不同的用语。建议考生对某些应用文的格式和习惯用语,应该加以熟悉和背诵,以便运用自如。
三、其他
考生在考试时注意在看到题目要求后不要忙于动笔,先理清思路。写作时,注意表达清楚以下几个方面:首先交代清楚写信目的;其次为了让阅卷者对你的文章结构及表意一目了然,注意关联词或衔接词的运用,建议分三段写,第一段交代写作目的,第二段具体阐述,第三段结尾。一般Directions里会有写作要点,一点要覆盖全面,一个要点一段。最后,行文间要注意简化描述,应用文的实用性决定其语言要简单明了,所以用简短的语句代替冗长的语句。在作文完成的时候,应该检查、修改,以免遗漏一些需要表达清楚的要点和细节。
考研英语应用文写作应试的指导2
一、开头句型
我们常说,良好的开端等于成功的.一半。做事如此,作文也是如此。所以我们颇有必要在作文的开头花一番心思。
在写议论文时,你通常以什么样的方式开头呢?最简单也最常用的可能就是开门见山法。也就是说———直截了当地提出你对这个问题的观点,点出文章的中心思想。
I....has both advantages and
disadvantages.……既有利又有弊。例如:
1.Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages.
2.Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages.
3.Com pared with cars,bikes have their advantages and disadvantages.
举一反三:
1.Although computers bring people a lot of convenience,they have many
disadvantages.
2....has many advantages.For example,...However,just as every
coin has two sides,...has its
disadvantages.(本例将利弊分开讲,转折过渡自然。just as every coin has two sides也很值得背诵。)
II....play(s)an important role /part
in...……在……中扮演重要角色/起重要作用。例如:
1.Computers play an important role in science and technology.
2.Computers play a more and more important role in our life.
Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies.
3.Education plays an important part in developing our mind.
4.Addiction to alcohol and drugs play a role in homelessness.
举一反三:
1.Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life.
2.In the past,letters played a decisive role in long-distance
communication.But now ,telephone,email,fax have taken their place.
III.With the development of...,随着……的发展,例如:
1.With the developm ent of our econo- m y,m any Chinese fam ilies can
afford a car.
2.With the development of our economy and society,pollution is more
and more serious.
3.With the rapid development of science and technology,people can get
a college degree by taking online-courses at home.
4.With the current social and technological developments,employees
with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed.
举一反三:
1.With the rapid increase of China"s population,housing problem is
becoming more and more serious.
随着中国人口的急剧增加,住房问题越来越突出。
2.With more and more women entering society,people"s attitude towards
women is changing.
随着越来越多的妇女走入社会,人们对妇女的态度也在改变。
3.With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up,an increasing
number of Chinese
families can afford a car.
随着中国改革开放的深入,越来越多的中国家庭买得起车了。(“越来越多”除了常用的more and more外,还可以用an increasing number of, a growing number of,a significant number of,a great number of等来表达。)
本结构看似固定,实则富于变化,只要记住with有“随着”的意思,相信大家可以根据实际的需要造出更多的句子。
我们已经看到,开门见山的开头使论文直切主题,直白明确地提出了论点。不过在讨论某些有争议性的问题时,就显得有欠缺,因为我们必须在文章的开头引出人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法,然后再表明自己的观点。下面就是专门针对争议性论文的一种句型。
IV.When it comes to...,some people think /believe
that...,others argue /claim that opposite /reverse is true.There is probably
some truth in both arguments
/statements,but...当说到……,有些人认为……,但另一些人则持相反的观点……。这两种观点可能都有点道理,但……。
本结构先用when it comes to ...引出话题,再用some...others
...这个对立的结构引出了两种相反的观点,然后说There is some truth in
both...表明严谨公正的态度,最后用but...很自然地引出了自己的论点。请看下面这个例子:
TV,a good thing or bad thing
When it comes to TV,some people believe that it is extremely valuable,as it provides relaxation, entertainment and education. Others argue that it is harmful for it begins to control our lives and deprives people of time to do other activities.There is probably some truth in both sides.But we must realize that television itself is neither good or bad.It is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society.
二、结尾句型
英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one /a word,generally speaking等外,没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型。
V....take measures to do sth.例如:
1.We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the
world.
2.We"d better take effective measures to prevent students from
cheating on exams.
3.The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse.
4.Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying
out further attacks.
本文列举了英语作文中常用的几个句型,当然不是要大家写出千篇一律的文章来,而是希望起到一种抛砖引玉的作用,提醒大家在学习中注意多总结,以使自己的写作水*更上一层楼。
推荐访问:应用文 应试 考研英语 考研英语应用文写作应试指导 菁选2篇 考研英语应用文写作应试的指导1 考研英语应用文写作范文 考研英语应用文范文 高考英语应用文写作指导